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Pinguicula alpina
''Pinguicula alpina'', also known as the alpine butterwort, is species of carnivorous plant native to high latitudes and altitudes throughout Eurasia. It is one of the most widespread ''Pinguicula'' species, being found in mountainous regions from Iceland to the Himalayas. Native to cold climates, it is a temperate species, forming prostrate rosettes of green to red leaves and white flowers in the summer and a tight hibernaculum during a period of winter dormancy in the winter. Like all members of the genus, ''P. alpina'' uses mucilagenous glands covering the surface of its summer leaves to attract, trap, and digest arthropod prey.
==Description==
''P. alpina'' is a small perennial herb, reaching a height of 5–15 cm (2-6 in.) when in flower. The plant is supported by 1–2 cm (0.4-0.8 in) long roots, which are fleshy, yellow-white and branching.〔Linnee, in Spec. pl. ed. 1 (1753) 17〕 ''P. alpina'' is the only temperate ''Pinguicula'' which retains these roots year-round; the roots of other temperate species wither with the winter dormancy. This allows it to invest more of its income (nutrients derived from prey) into long-term storage, compared to other subarctic ''Pinguicula'' which are income breeders and invest these nutrients into immediate plant size and flowering increases.〔Thorén, L. Magnus and Karlsson, P. Staffan (1998). ''Effects of supplementary feeding on growth and reproduction of three carnivorous plant species in a subarctic environment.'' Journal of Ecology; Jun98, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p501-510〕
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